“我是农民”与文人传统——论贾平凹90年代长篇小说中的身份意识

“I am a Farmer” and Literati Tradition——On the Identity Consciousness in Jia Pingwa’s Novels in the 1990s

贾平凹的文学创作与他的身份意识存在十分密切的关系,20世纪90年代以来,他化深挚的乡土之情为理性的省思之态,将陕南农村和西安城作为小说创作的根据地,既融合原生态的方言土语,记录了转型时期二元对立的乡村百态,又时抒感时忧国之意,如椽之笔状写了一部鲜活的中国当代乡土知识者的精神跋涉史。他笔下的人物常具有都市文人的显在身份,又深蕴乡下人的隐形思维,再一次昭示出贾平凹精神背景中“我是农民”与文人传统的交葛。可以说,不论是叙说自然和生态藏污纳垢的属性,还是勘探人性的肌理,叩问存在的意义,展现突围的挣扎,贾平凹都为当代乡土文学的传统、现实、及未来提供了新经验。

Jia Pingwa’s literary creation has a very close relationship with his identity consciousness.Since the 1990s,he has turned profound local feelings into rational state of mind,and taken the southern Shaanxi countryside and Xi’an City as the bases for novel creation,not only integrating the original dialect and recording the binary opposition of rural areas in the transition period,but also expressing the feeling of worrying about the country.He has created a lively history of the spiritual journey of the local intellectuals in contemporary China.The characters in his works are often featured with the obvious identity of the urban literati,and the invisible thinking of the rural people,which once again shows Jia Pingwa’s spiritual background of“I am a farmer”and the literati tradition.It can be said that Jia Pingwa has provided new experience for the tradition,reality and future of contemporary local literature on describing the nature of ecological dirt,exploring the texture of human nature,asking the significance of existence,or showing the struggle of breakout.