基于GIS的城市热环境气候图研究——以大连星海湾为例

Climate Analysis Map of Urban Thermal Environment Based on GIS: A Case of Xinghai Bay in Dalian

由于气候变暖、城市扩张和人口增长等因素相叠加,如何应对城市热岛和污染等问题,采取缓解与改善策略已成为城乡规划领域面临的重要课题。城市气候的成因和分布极其复杂,且缺乏基础数据,城市气候的定量评估成为现实中较难解决的问题之一。该文以大连滨海景区星海湾为例,研究了基于GIS空间分析技术的城市气候图的建构方法,获取了热负荷、通风潜力分析图及热环境综合分析图,并应用气候数值模拟法对气候图研究结果进行对比和修正。根据气候图所得分级标准,提出了相应的保护与规划缓解对策。研究对城乡规划领域提升城市气候环境质量提供了一种思路和方法。

Due to the superposition of factors such as climate warming,urban expansion and population growth,how to deal with the problem of urban heat islands,pollution,adopting mitigation and improvement strategies has become an important issue in the urban planning field.The causes and distribution of urban climate are extremely complex and lack of basic data.The quantitative evaluation of urban climate has become one of the difficult problems in reality.Taking the Xinghai Bay in Dalian as an example,we study the construction method of urban climate map based on GIS spatial analysis technology,then we obtain the analysis of heat load,ventilation potential and comprehensive analysis of thermal environment,and the results of the climate map study were compared and corrected by using the numerical simulation method.According to the grading standards of climate maps,we propose corresponding protection and planning mitigation strategies,so as to provide an idea and method for improving the quality of urban climate environment in urban planning.