基于科学知识图谱的中国传统村落空间形态研究综述

A Review on the Spatial Form of Traditional Villages in China Based on Scientific Knowledge Map

利用CiteSpace对1998年-2018年传统村落空间研究进行分析,得到我国传统村落研究科学知识图谱。在此基础上,梳理"空间形态"研究热点与演进规律,分析传统村落"空间形态"研究中存在的不足与空缺,探索空间形态研究对于传统村落保护和发展的重要意义。研究发现:①近20年传统村落空间形态研究的热点与趋势主要集中在"形态特征-形态演变规律-形态保护"这三个方面,且时间上具有先后顺序;②研究方法多集中在理论层面的探索,基于数字化技术对传统村落空间使用和保护的实践研究仍然较少;③传统村落空间形态研究按照空间类型由大到小划可分为3级,目前空间研究还处于第一层级的"整体空间"研究阶段;④传统村落空间形态研究可概括为包含"空间要素+空间演变+空间保护+适应性发展"的框架体系。

In this paper we analyzed the traditional villages’spatial form from 1998 to 2018 based on CiteSpace,and obtained the scientific knowledge map of traditional village research in China.On this basis,we combed the research hotspots and evolution rules of"space form",then we analyzed the shortcomings and vacancies in the study of traditional villages’spatial form,and explored the significance of spatial form research for the protection and development of traditional villages.The results show that:①The research hotspots and trends of traditional village spatial morphology in the past 20 years mainly focused on three aspects:morphological characteristics,morphological evolution rules and morphological protection.The research topics from"the spatial form elements"to"the evolution law"and finally to"the recognition and protection",which from shallow to deep.②Most of the research methods focused on the theoretical level of spatial form characteristics,evolution rules and protection methods.Quantitative and practical research on the use and protection of traditional village space based on digital technology and spatial simulation technology is still less.③The research of traditional village spatial morphology was divided into three levels according to the spatial type from big to small and the space research stage is still at the first level of"holistic space"research.④According to the research content,it established a relatively complete framework system of village spatial morphology research,including"spatial elements+spatial evolution+spatial protection+adaptive development".