当代建造技术在乡村建设的运用研究——以云南乡土建筑设计为例

The Application Research of Contemporary Construction Technology in Rural Construction: Taking the Design of Local Architecture in Yunnan as an Example

近年来,在乡村振兴战略的推动下,频繁的建筑实践加大了乡村对工业化、标准化的建筑材料的大量运用,替代了原先的地域性的建造方法,从而催生了许多不可持续的乡村建筑,因此如何在当前的乡村建设中延续和发展乡土建筑成为一项重要的建筑学研究任务。并且,在这样的建筑实践中,乡土建筑变得同质化,乡村风貌由于建造手段的传承被打破、传统建筑的消失而改变。该文从纵向的角度探讨了乡土建筑及相关概念,讨论了建造技术的发展对可持续的乡土建筑的影响,同时探索了现代建造技术在乡土建筑设计中的可行性解决方案,以及如何在乡土建筑设计中平衡社会性、功能性和可持续性,并在新的乡村建筑实践中保护和延续乡村风貌。

In recent years,under rural revitalization,conventional building practices with industrialization are based on a lack of proper vernacular methods,which leads to unsustainable buildings,so how to continue and develop rural buildings in the current rural construction is an important architectural research.However,in this way,"townscape"is changing with disappearing of vernacular architectures,whose traditions have been inherited for some generations.The increasing use of new industrially-produced and standardized materials led to the homogenization of the countryside appearance,and spawned a universal architecture that in many cases is out of the context.We discuss the appreciation of"vernacular architecture"and related concepts from a longitudinal perspective.In this paper we explore the importance and influence of construction development on sustaining the vernacular architectures,and research the possibility of implementing contemporary building technology into the mainstream of rural construction practice.