光学相干断层扫描仪与黄斑水肿发病机制

Optical Coherence Tomography and the Pathogenesis of Macular Edema

黄斑水肿(Macular edema,ME)是由于液体聚积在黄斑区视网膜内及视网膜下所导致的,通常继发于各种视网膜疾病。视网膜液体进入的增加、排出减少、蛋白质渗漏等因素可以导致黄斑水肿。Müller细胞作为视网膜特有的胶质细胞,通过离子、水转运途径和蛋白质转运途径斑稳态调节黄斑区重要作用。视网膜、脉络膜可能存在“类淋巴途径”,其破坏也可导致黄斑水肿。

Macular edema(ME)is caused by fluid accumulation in the retina and subretinal of the macular area,usually secondary to various retinal diseases.Factors such as increased retinal fluid entry,reduced drainage,and protein leakage can cause macular edema.As a retinal-specific glial cell,Müller cells regulate the important role of the macular area through ionic,water transport pathways and protein transport pathway plaque homeostasis.There may be a“lymphoid pathway”in the retina and choroid,and its destruction can also cause macular edema.