“二孩”政策背景下厦门市社区生活圈单元中基础教育设施规划优化策略

Basic Educational Facilities Improvement Within Community Life Circle under the New Birth Policy, Xiamen

在全面放开"二孩"的政策背景下,基础教育设施面临发展现状与群众需求不匹配、等量指标配置与实际人口分布特征和人口结构不匹配等情况。此外,土地资源紧缺带来的设施缺口、学区制度下的教育资源不平均等问题愈加明显,故优化基础教育设施配置尤为重要。在2018年出台的《城市居住区规划设计标准》(GB 50180—2018)中,社区生活圈规划取代了传统的居住区规划,改变了以往计划分配公共服务与空间资源的做法,以提高居住需求匹配水平,以及适应以人为本的社会发展要求。文章以厦门市岛内地区为例,针对基础教育设施的现状与问题,以社区生活圈为配置单元,通过预测规划期内的就学需求,解析该地区基础教育设施规模数量和空间布局的不平衡不充分趋势,提出预留设施空间资源、提高设施可达水平和推进设施共建共享等"二孩"政策背景下适应社区生活圈标准的优化策略。

As the second child policy is fully liberalized,problems such as mismatch between basic educational facilities and people’s need,resource configuration and population structure emerge.Educational facilities shortage and uneven distribution of educational resources are outstanding.Improving basic educational facilities configuration is getting imperative.In Neighborhood Planning and Design Standards enacted in 2018,community life circle replaces neighborhood,and planned allocation of public service and space is altered towards improving residential service configuration for human consideration first social development.With Xiamen Island as an example,the paper analyzes the status quo and problems of basic educational facilities,predicts schooling needs with community life circle as the basic unit,proposes strategies including reserving educational facilities space,improving service accessibility,and promoting co-building and sharing of educational facilities under the second child policy.