论“三权分置”模式下土地经营权的流转方式

On the transfer mode of land management rights under the model of "Three Rights Separation"

土地经营权流转方式设定的科学与否直接影响农地"三权分置"改革效果的发挥。依法理视角检视,《农村土地承包法》第36条就土地经营权流转方式作出的"出租(转包)、入股或者其他"的规定过于模糊,非但于法理上缺乏支撑,更对土地经营权处分权能的最大限度发挥形成阻碍,与土地经营权的功能定位严重相悖。为实现土地经营权流转方式的制度完善,应在宏观上秉承强化农地财产权属性的立法精神指引,微观上修正《农村土地承包法》第36条的相关内容,同时通过健全土地经营权的登记规则等综合举措达到制度上的统筹规划。

The scientific setting of the transfer mode of land management rights directly affects the effect of the reform of the "three rights separation" of agricultural land. From the perspective of jurisprudence, the "lease(subcontracting), shareholding or other" provisions on of the transfer of land management rights in Article 36 of the Rural Land Contracting Law are too vague, which not only lacks legal support, but also obstacles to the maximum exertion of disposal rights of land management, which is seriously contrary to the functional orientation of the land management right. In order to improve the system of land management rights circulation, the legislative spirit guidelines for strengthening the property rights of agricultural land should be upheld on a macro level, the relevant content of Article 36 of the Rural Land Contracting Law should be revised microscopically. Meanwhile, it is suggested to achieve comprehensive institutional planning through comprehensive measures such as improving the registration rules for land management rights.