飞行器的修复性及其设计方法

Aircraft Recoverability and its Design Methods

飞行器在正常服役使用期间发生故障后是否便于维修使其状态得到及时恢复的特性常常可用维修性来进行表征分析。然而,飞行器在服役使用过程中总是不可避免地要发生一些意外损伤或者非常规损伤,比如事故损伤、战斗损伤等。这时,飞行器是否便于修复使其状态得到及时恢复的特性可用修复性(或恢复性)来进行描述。在阐述飞行器修复性的基本概念、定性要求的基础上,提出采用意外损伤平均恢复时间MTTRC、平均恢复费用MRCC及平均恢复工时MWTTRC等参数来表征飞行器的修复性。结合飞行器使用完整性/军用飞行器作战完整性的概念、度量与控制方法给出了飞行器修复性的作用意义,并提出了飞行器修复性的基本评估和设计方法。最后,给出了一个简单的后掠单块式机翼结构修复性设计的简要示例,并说明修复性的概念、度量与设计方法等对于其他装备也是适用的。

Usually the maintenance is characterized by maintenance personnel to repair easily or not when the aircraft have some failures during the normal service period.But,it’s hardly for aircraft to avoid the accidental and unexpected damage in the service,such as accident damage,battle damage etc.And then the recoverability is used to represent easy to repair,uneasy to repair,and recoverable when the aircraft are subject to some accidental and unexpected damage.On the basis of concepts and qualitative requirements of aircraft recoverability,this paper proposes parameters MTTRC(Mean Time to Recovery),MRCC(Mean Recovery Cost)and MWTTRC(Mean Work Time to Recovery)to characterize aircraft recoverability.Then,the significance of aircraft recoverability is discussed as well as the concept,measurement and control of aircraft operational integrity.Furthermore,the normal assessment and design methods of aircraft recoverability are put forward.Finally,a brief example of recoverability design for a monolithic backswept wing structure constructed by ribs,stringers and skins.The concept,the measurement and the design of recoverability are suitable for other equipment and devices.