自贸协定知识产权规则变革趋势及影响研究

Research on the trend and influence of the reform of intellectual property rules in FTAs

后TRIPS时代,发达国家和地区逐渐转移谈判场所,在双边与诸边体制下通过自贸协定继续推进其贸易战略,这些自贸协定中多半囊括"TRIPS-plus"标准的知识产权规则,必然会影响到中国等发展中国家的进出口贸易。研究以现今影响范围较大的五个自贸协定文本为对象,基于结构化文本挖掘,对比分析不同自贸协定文本中知识产权规则的条款及构成,指出知识产权国际规则正朝着强保护趋势升级发展,并从知识产权保护客体广度、期限宽度、执法深度等多重方面演绎归纳自贸协定知识产权规则的新特征,为我国出口企业对外贸易中短期削弱TRIPS-plus带来的消极影响,长期形成倒逼机制促进产业转型升级和经济贸易高质量发展等提供对策建议。

In order to cope with the tide of globalization, the developed countries are speeding up the bilateral and multilateral free trade agreements(FTAs) to consolidate the competitive advantage by raising the standards of intellectual property rights. These FTAs include most of the intellectual property rules of the "TRIPS-plus" standard, which can certainly affect the overseas trade of developing countries such as China. This paper compares and analyzes the terms and composition of intellectual property rules in different FTA texts, and points out that international intellectual property rights are moving toward strong protection. The paper deducts the new characteristics of the intellectual property rules of the FTA from the aspects of the breadth of intellectual property protection object, the length of the period, and the depth of law enforcement. It put forward some advice to decrease the negative impact of TRIPS-plus in the medium-term and short-term foreign trade of China’s export enterprises, and proposes some policy mechanisms to promote industrial transformation and upgrading, and high-quality economic and trade development.