“卓越计划”背景下德国高等教育合作的现状、模式与特点

The Status Quo,Models and Characteristics of German Higher Education Cooperation under the Background of“Excellence Initiative”

德国"卓越计划"是促进德国高等教育合作的关键举措,德国高等教育合作可以分为高校内部跨学科合作、校际间联盟合作以及高校与校外机构、企业合作三种模式。当前,德国高等教育合作呈现出合作意识增强、项目增多、范围扩大的趋势,已形成从政府层面的顶层设计引领,到高校等层面的多元合作参与,再到社会层面独立机构评估保障合作的协同发展局面。关注顶层设计的引导作用、构建共同参与的多元合作以及引入独立机构评估保障合作,值得借鉴,更好地促进中国高等教育合作的发展。

Germany’s"Excellence Initiative"is a key measure to promote German higher education cooperation,which can be divided into three modes:interdisciplinary cooperation within universities,inter-university alliance cooperation,and cooperation between universities and institutions and enterprises. At present,German higher education cooperation has shown a trend of increased cooperation awareness,increased projects,and expanded scope. It has formed a multi-level cooperation from the top-level design at the government level,to the multi-level cooperation participation at the university level,and then to the independent organization to assess the cooperation at the social level. The experience that can be learned from it is that we should pay attention to the guiding role of top-level design,construct multifaceted cooperation of mutual participation,and introduce independent institutions to evaluate and guarantee cooperation,so as to promote the development of China’s higher education cooperation.