公民对脑死亡标准立法态度的现状调查

Investigation of current status of citizen’s attitude to legislation of brain death criteria

目的调查公民对脑死亡的认知及脑死亡标准立法的态度。方法采用方便抽样法选取1500名门诊就诊患者或陪同人员为研究对象,进行问卷调查。采用Epidata 3.02软件双人双机录入问卷,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型分析影响调查对象支持脑死亡立法的因素。结果1433名有效调查对象中,84.65%(1213/1433)听说过脑死亡,其中24.32%(295/1213)认为脑死亡是合理的死亡判定标准,支持、反对脑死亡立法的比例分别为49.79%(604/1213)和17.31%(210/1213)。男性[比值比(OR)=1.3,95%可信区间(CI)1.0~1.6]、文化程度大专或本科以上学历者(OR=1.5,95%CI 1.1~1.9)、亲友从事过器官捐献工作者(OR=3.3,95%CI 1.1~10.3)、参加过器官捐献公益活动者(OR=3.1,95%CI 1.6~6.0)和认为脑死亡是合理的死亡判定标准者(OR=2.0,95%CI 1.5~2.6)更倾向于支持脑死亡立法,是影响脑死亡立法的独立影响因素(均为P<0.05)。结论公民对脑死亡的认知程度及对脑死亡标准立法的支持程度均较低,应加强脑死亡的相关宣传,增强立法民意基础。

Objective To investigate the citizen's attitude towards the cognition of brain death and the legislation of brain death criteria.Methods A questionnaire survey was performed in 1500 outpatients or accompanying personnel by the convenient sampling method.The questionnaire data were independently recorded by two professionals using the Epidata 3.02 software.The factors influencing the citizen's support of the legislation of brain death were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models.Results Among 1433 eligible respondents,84.65%(1213/1433)of them knew brain death,and 24.32%(295/1213)considered brain death as a reasonable criterion for death.The proportion of respondents who supported and opposed the legislation of brain death was 49.79%(604/1213)and 17.31%(210/1213).Male[odds ratio(OR)=1.3,95%confidence interval(CI)1.0-1.6],those with junior college degree or above at educational level(OR=1.5,95%CI 1.1-1.9),those whose relatives and friends were engaged in organ donation(OR=3.3,95%CI 1.1-10.3),those who participated in public welfare activities of organ donation(OR=3.1,95%CI 1.6-6.0)and those who regarded brain death as a reasonable criterion for death(OR=2.0,95%CI 1.5-2.6)were more inclined to support the legislation of brain death,which were the independent influencing factors of the legislation of brain death(all P<0.05).Conclusions Citizens have relatively low cognition and support of the legislation of brain death criteria.Relevant propaganda on brain death should be widely carried out to strengthen the citizen basis for the legislation.