父母支持对农村留守中学生消极适应的影响：心理韧性的中介作用

The Influence of Parents’ Support of Rural Left-Behind Students Acting on the Passive Adaptation: the Mediating Effect of Mental Resilience

了解心理韧性在留守中学生父母支持与消极适应中的中介作用,采用简单随机抽样的方式抽取广西壮族自治区某地560名留守中学生,用关系网络问卷、中学生心理韧性问卷与青少年社会适应状况评估问卷,分别对父母支持、心理韧性、消极适应进行调查,并采用结构方程模型对心理韧性的中介效应进行验证。统计显示:留守男生的父母支持、违规行为高于女生,自我烦扰、消极退缩低于女生,独生子女的父母支持高于非独生子女,消极退缩低于非独生子女;父母支持可以增强个体的心理韧性水平并抑制消极适应,心理韧性可以减少个体的消极适应;父母支持可通过心理韧性间接影响留守中学生的消极适应。中小学校心理健康教育指导中心应该注重农村留守学生心理健康普查,建立心理健康发展档案,与留守家庭合作,帮助外出父母更加客观、有效地了解孩子的心理状况与行为模式,培养与提升农村留守中学生的心理韧性。

To explore the mediating effect of psychological resilience in the relationship between parents’support and passive adaptation of left-behind students,560 subjects were selected from a certain place in Guangxi by simple random sampling.Many questionnaires and scales were used to investigate parental support,psychological resilience and passive adaptation respectively,and structural equation model was used to verify the mediating effect of psychological resilience.Statistics showed that the scores of parents’support and illegal behavior of left-behind boys were higher than that of girls,the scores of self-disturb and passive withdrawal were lower than that of girls,the scores of parents’support of only child were higher than that of non-only child’s,the scores of passive withdrawal of only child were lower than that of non-only child’s;parents’support could enhance individuals’psychological resilience and restrain passive adaptation,and psychological resilience could reduce individuals’passive adaptation;parents’support could indirectly influence the passive adaptation of left-behind middle school students through psychological resilience.The guidance center of mental health education in schools should establish the archives of mental health development,and cooperate with left-behind families to help parents outside more objectively and effectively understand children’s psychological status and behavior patterns,cultivating and improving the psychological resilience of left-behind middle school students in rural areas.