基于奥马哈系统对脑卒中偏瘫患者良肢位摆放认知调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Cognition of Good Limb Position in Hemiplegic Patients with Stroke Based on Omaha System

目的应用奥马哈系统对脑卒中偏瘫患者或家属进行良肢位摆放的认知状况调查与分析,为将来对患者或家属进行针对性偏瘫康复健康指导,提高患者或家属的主动康复锻炼依从性,降低偏瘫患者致残率,改善患者生活质量提供依据。方法于2018年1—12月采取方便抽样方法抽取福州某三甲医院神经内科、康复科100例符合纳入标准脑卒中后偏瘫患者或家属以现场问卷调查形式进行现况调查。结果应用奥马哈系统脑卒中偏瘫患者家属良肢位摆放知识认知情况调查得分为(15.86±1.04)分,得分率为79.30%,其中良肢位的概念、良肢位开始时间、更换体位周期、良肢位摆放原则、仰卧位相关知识、健侧卧位相关知识、患侧卧位相关知识、对学习良肢位摆放的态度总分分别为(6.38±3.02)、(6.28±2.01)、(7.92±1.63)分,(7.96±1.98)分、(7.68±1.34)分、(8.29±2.51)分、(6.79±1.18)分、(9.31±0.93)分。结论应用奥马哈系统对脑卒中偏瘫患者或家属进行良肢位摆放调查与分析,脑卒中偏瘫患者或家属良肢位摆放知识认知程度不高,研究结果中对待学习良肢位摆放的态度得分最高,良肢位概念、各种良肢位摆放相关知识得分较低。影响脑卒中偏瘫患者家属良肢位摆放知识认知程度的因素中年龄、文化程度、患者住院次数对认知程度的影响较大,针对以上问题应采取针对性健康宣教措施,确保患者生存质量。应用奥马哈系统对脑卒中偏瘫患者或家属康复护理问题环境、心理、生理和健康相关行为4个领域还需深入研究。

Objective To investigate and analyze the cognitive status of hemiplegia patients or family members in cerebral apoplexy by using Omaha system,so as to improve the compliance of patients and family members with active rehabilitation exercise.Thus,the disability rate of hemiplegia patients is reduced and the quality of life of patients is improved.Methods From January to December 2018,a convenient sampling method was adopted to investigate the status of 100 cases including some patients who were suffered with hemiplegia after stroke and met the criteria for inclusion or their families in the neurology department or rehabilitation department in a Level III Hospital in Fuzhou.Results The knowledge and cognition of the placement of limbs in patients with hemiplegic stroke with Omaha system was(15.86±1.04)points and the score was 79.30%.Among them,the concept of good limb position,the start time of good limb position,the cycle of changing body position,the principle of good limb position placement,the knowledge of supine position,the knowledge of healthy side position,the knowledge of the side position,and the total score of attitude toward learning good limb position is(6.38±3.02)points,(6.28±2.01)points,(7.92±1.63)points,(7.96±1.98)points,(7.68±1.34)points,(8.29±2.51)points,(6.79±1.18)points and(9.31±0.93)points respectively.Conclusion Omaha system was used to investigate and analyze the good limb placement of stroke hemiplegia patients or family members.The knowledge of the good limb placement of stroke hemiplegia patients or family members was of medium upper level,and the cognitive level was not high.Among them,the concept of good limb position and the attitude towards learning good limb position have higher scores,and the starting time of good limb position placement and the related knowledge of various good limb place position have lower scores.The age,education level and number of hospitalizations of patients with hemiplegia have a great influence on the cognitive level among the factors that affect the knowledge level of the family members of stroke hemiplegia.