促进电动汽车和清洁能源发展的充/换电站-风-光-储协调规划

Charging/swapping station-wind-photovoltaic-storage planning to promote the development of electric vehicles and clean energies

在电动汽车和清洁能源快速发展的背景下,提出一种路网、电网相结合的充/换电站-风-光-储三阶段规划方法。根据车流量和土地价格,并充分考虑服务质量,以土地成本、换电设施成本和换电距离成本三者之和最小为目标函数,对电池更换站进行规划;在换电站规划基础之上,综合考虑土地成本、电池成本及其运输距离成本之和最优,确定集中充电站的数量及位置;根据充电站的数量及分布并着重考虑其充电模式,计及风光不确定性和时序特性,应用随机场景预测风光出力,以风-光-储的投资成本和运行成本为综合优化目标,同时考虑二阶锥松弛潮流约束、安全约束等,对风-光-储定容选址。通过算例分析换电站的服务能力、土地价格和电池充电模式对规划的影响,验证了文中规划方法的有效性。

Under the background of the rapid development of electric vehicles(EVs) and distributed generations(DGs),combining the road network and distribution network,a three-stage planning method of electric vehicle battery charge swap station-wind-photovoltaic-storage is proposed in this paper. Firstly,the battery swap station(BSS) is planned according to the traffic flow of EVs and land price,and the service quality is fully considered. The objective function is to minimize the sum of the land cost,battery swap device cost and switching distance cost. Secondly,based on the results of battery swap station,the quantity and location of the centralized charging stations(CSs) are determined by taking the minimum sum of land cost,battery cost and transportation distance cost into consideration. Thirdly,according to the quantity and distribution of charging stations,the charging mode of centralized charging stations is mainly considered,taking into account the uncertainty and time-varying characteristics of wind-light,and the output of wind turbine generation(WTG) and photovoltaic generation(PVG) are predicted by using the random scene. The investment cost and operation cost of wind-light-storage are taken as the comprehensive optimization objective. Meanwhile,the wind-light-storage capacity and location are selected by considering the second-order cone slack flow constraint and safety constraint and so on. Finally,the battery swap station service quality,land price and battery charging mode on this planning are analyzed through examples,and the effectiveness of the planning method in this paper is verified.