养老保障制度“优化”理念分析

Analysis on The Optimization Theory of Pension System

本文立足于养老保障制度的多层次和可持续发展目标,提出养老保障制度“新三支柱”和“八层次”优化理念,以及养老保障优化的性质界定、优化主线、优化效果、优化核心、优化目标。养老保障制度优化性质就是采取一定措施使养老保障水平“适度”和养老制度“可持续”发展。养老保障制度优化主线是养老资源的合理利用和效应最大化,也就是养老“人、财”体系的效用改进。养老保障制度优化的效果是构建一个“结构合理,功能提升,效率改进,发展持续”的养老制度体系。养老保障制度优化的核心是解决“资金平衡”和“利益均衡”。养老制度的优化标准和目标是制度的可持续发展,具体表现为养老制度的优化与风险控制、国民财富分配、人口结构、居民收入水平、社会文化等要素契合协调发展。在此基础上,提出优化养老方式整体效率、优化多层次抗风险、优化多责任破解时代难题、优化多元个人生命周期等政策建议。

Based on the multi-IvI and sustainable development tage of pension securitj system,the paper puis forward te the optimization ideas of'new three pdars'and'eight hierarchj',and optimization nature definition,optimization mainline,optimization eeect,optimization kewe and optimization targee of pension securitj system.The nature of pension system optimization is keeping moderate levd by adopting mesuws.The mainline of pension system optimization is reesonable utilize of pension resources and maximized utility,which is improving the utility of pension population and wealth system.The effect of pension system optimization is building a pension system which is charactewzed by rational structure,improved function,eicient improvement and sustainable development.The kerne of pension system optimization is resolving the fund baland and benefit equilinWum.The tandard and taraee of pension system optimization is susainable development,which is hamionious development of pension elements including pension system optimization and esk conlrol,wealth distribution,population stecture,resmenib income level and social culture.Thm paper puts fornard some policy suggestions,such as optimizing the overall effemney of the mode of providing for the aged,optimizing multi-level te resist esks,optimizing multi-responsinility to break the problem,and optimizing multiple individual life cycle.