科技竞争形式的“修昔底德陷阱”——中美经贸摩擦的正名与应对

The Thucydides Trap in the Form of Science and Technology Competition:Rectification of and Response to Trade Frictions between China and the United States

中美经贸摩擦的起因及争议焦点并非单纯的贸易失衡和中国的营商环境等自身改革问题,美方限制我国的技术进步与自主创新,阻遏我国向价值链上游赶超的无理要求才是主要矛盾,这是以科技竞争形式展现的"修昔底德陷阱"。本文回顾了关于中美经贸摩擦较有代表性的舆论观点和相关文献,基于中美双方官方文档对两国经贸摩擦的起因进行了梳理论证,解析为何科技产业会成为经贸摩擦的主战场,并试图为应对科技竞争形式的"修昔底德陷阱"提出对策建议,为解决中美经贸摩擦提供参考。

The root cause of trade frictions between China and the US as well as the focus of their disputes cannot be simply attributed to the imbalanced trade between them or China’s own reform issues like business environment. The America’s endeavor to restrain China’s technology advance and independent innovation, and it’s unreasonable demand intended to keep China from moving up the global value chain are where the major contradictions lie, which, as a matter of fact, is the Thucydides trap manifested in the form of science and technology competition. Having reviewed the representative viewpoints amid the public opinions and relevant documents relating economic and trade frictions between China and the US, and based on the official documents of the two countries, this paper is intended to sort out and demonstrate the origin of economic and trade frictions between China and the US, and explain why science and technology industries could become the main battlefield of these frictions, in an attempt to recommend some rational countermeasures as a reference for resolving economic and trade frictions between China and the United States or addressing the Thucydides trap in the form of science and technology competition.