都市、现代性与审美——都市现代人的精神栖居及其生态反思

Metropolis, modernity and aesthetic: The spiritual habitation and reflection of modern people

19世纪末20世纪初,波德莱尔、齐美尔和克拉考尔描述了巴黎和柏林的现代性都市体验。在现代性社会中,货币文化的发展使都市一方面被赋予理性的色彩,但另一方面也带来了情感生存的异化,并催生了各种夸张的个性主义。现代人的夸张个性既体现了现代人的审美冷漠心态,也隐藏着对工具理性的拒绝和审美救赎情结。剖析西方自现代性以降的都市精神的生存状态,挖掘现代人都市生存的情感质态,可以揭示现代人的精神状态及其生存逻辑,进而促使现代人从迷雾中清醒,引起疗救的注意。

In the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries, Baudelaire, Simmel and Kracauer described the experiences of modern metropolis in Paris and Berlin. In the modern society, the development of currency culture, on the one hand, endows metropolis with rational colors, but on the other brings alienation of emotional existence and gives birth to all kinds of exaggerated individualism. Modern people’s exaggerated personality reflects their aesthetic indifference, and hides their rejection of instrumental rationality and the complex of aesthetic redemption. The analysis of the western metropolis spirit and their living state since the modernity, and the exploration of modern people’s emotional quality of urban life, can reveal the modern people’s mental state and survival logic, then promote modern people to wake up from the fog, and finally evoke healing attention.