京津冀森林游憩资源空间分布特征及其影响因素

Spatial distribution and its influencing factors of forest recreation resources in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

【目的】京津冀协同发展背景下,区域社会经济快速发展,人民对于森林游憩的需求与日俱增,森林游憩的发展需与时俱进。森林游憩资源是森林游憩的重要载体,探究其空间分布特征及影响因素,有利于为京津冀森林游憩规划提供科学依据和理论指导。【方法】选取京津冀区域内森林公园、自然保护区、森林相关的自然风景区三类共计293处森林游憩资源为研究对象,利用GIS空间分析,采用平均最邻近指数、Voronoi多边形变异系数、基尼系数、核密度分析方法对京津冀森林游憩空间分布特征进行探究。【结果】1)京津冀森林游憩资源在整体空间尺度上为聚集分布,最邻近指数(R)为0.5332,多边形变异系数(CV)为262.1%;2)在市域尺度上,资源分布均衡度低,差距悬殊,基尼系数为0.7957。其中,北京拥有资源数量最多,占总数的39.1%;北京、承德和石家庄三座城市累计比重超过60%。3)资源分布密度上总体呈现出以北京为强聚集中心,向东北倾斜的“十字型”的大聚集,小分散格局;4)分布格局与太行山、燕山山脉走势相契合,与社会经济发展水平呈显著相关,并且受到重点林业工程和交通网络的外在推动。

【Objective】Under the background of the coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,the regional social and economic is developing rapidly.People’s demand for forest recreation is continually increasing,the development of forest recreation needs to keep pace with it.Forest recreation resource is an important carrier of forest recreation.Exploring its spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors is conducive to providing scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the planning of forest recreation in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.【Method】A total of 293 forest recreation resources including forest parks,nature reserves and forest-related natural scenic spots in the region were selected as the research objects.GIS spatial analysis was used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of forest recreation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region by means of mean nearest neighbor index,Voronoi polygon variation coefficient,gini coefficient and kernel density analysis.【Result】The results showed that 1)The forest recreation resources in the region are clustered and distributed on the whole spatial scale,with the nearest index(R)of 0.5332 and Voronoi polygon coefficient(CV)of 262.1%.2)On the scale of municipal area,the distribution of resources is low in equilibrium,and the gini coefficient is 0.7957.There is the largest amount of resources in Beijing,accounting for 39.1%of the total;Beijing,Chengde and Shijiazhuang account for more than 60 percent of the total.3)The distribution density of resources presents a“cross-shaped”pattern,inclining to northeast,with Beijing as the strong aggregation center,with the characteristic of“large aggregation and small dispersion”.4)The distribution pattern is in line with the trend of taihang mountain and yanshan mountain,and is significantly related to the level of social and economic development,and is driven externally by key forestry projects and transportation networks.