种间嫁接对中粒种咖啡品质的影响

Effect of Interspecific Grafting on Bean Quality of Coffea canephora

为探明种间嫁接对中粒种咖啡品质的影响,采用大粒种(查理种)16号为砧木,中粒种热研3号为接穗进行种间嫁接大田试验,以未嫁接中粒种为对照。对嫁接与未嫁接的咖啡豆样品进行物理特性、化学组分含量和杯品品质测定和分析。结果表明:嫁接后大部分咖啡米粒径分布在>7.0 mm和>6.5 mm范围内,而未嫁接大部分咖啡米粒径分布在>6.0 mm和>5.0 mm范围内,嫁接显著增大了咖啡米粒度;咖啡豆百粒重和百粒密度两者间差异不显著;嫁接咖啡豆蛋白质、脂肪、咖啡因、绿原酸、葫芦巴碱含量分别为13.36%、5.40%、1.62%、5.12%、0.79%稍小于未嫁接,蔗糖含量8.19%,稍高于未嫁接,两者间差异未达显著;嫁接杯品为81.00分,未嫁接为82.25分,两者间差异不大,均达到≥80分的精品级别。可见,种间嫁接未对咖啡豆的饱满度、化学组分含量产生影响,咖啡杯品品质较好,该种间嫁接组合可推广生产应用。

In order to find out whether the quality of Coffea canephora bean were affected by interspecific grafting,C.canephora cv.Reyan No.3 was grafted onto C.liberica var.Dewevrei 16 with C.canephora cv.Reyan No.3 without grafting as a control,and their coffee beans were collected from the grafted trees and the control and determined to analyze their physical characteristics,contents of chemical components and cup quality.The results showed that more coffee beans witch their bean size>7.0mm and>6.5mm were recorded in the grafted coffee trees,while the bean size>6.0mm and>5.0mm was recorded in the control without grafting.The bean size in the graftings was significantly larger than that in the control.The weight and density of 100 beans recorded no significant difference between the graftings and the control.The contents of protein,fat,caffeine,chlorogenic acid and trigonelline in graftings were 13.36%,5.40%,1.62%,5.12% and 0.79%,respectively,slightly lower than those in the control;the sucrose content was 8.19%,slightly higher than that in the control.The cup quality score was 81.00 in the graftings and 82.25 in the control,indicating the bean cup quality of both graftings and the control were up to the level of Specialty Coffee(the score≥80).It is concluded that coffee interspecific grafting almost has no effect on the coffee bean plumpness and contents of chemical components,and that the cup quality of coffee beans is very good.Therefore,interspecific grafting could be used for propagation in coffee production.