12种中草药提取液对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀活性

Lethal Activities of Extracts of 12 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs Against Banana Root-knot Nematodes

为研究不同中草药提取物对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀活性,将12种中草药用丙酮和水进行提取浓缩,将各提取物配成5%的溶液,加入经人工培养的二龄线虫60条,分别于24、48、72 h后于显微镜下观察线虫死亡数量,并计算校正死亡率。结果显示:艾叶、鸡屎藤、苦豆子、牛心朴子草、细辛和紫茎泽兰的丙酮和水提取物对香蕉根结线虫有较强的毒杀活性,穿心莲、川芎、马齿笕、黄芪、银杏叶、叶下珠的毒杀活性较弱。随着时间的增长,各处理的毒杀活性增强;同一种中草药丙酮提取物对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀活性大于水提取物的毒杀活性。

To study the lethal activities of extracts from different traditional Chinese medicinal herbs against banana root-knot nematodes 12 species of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs were extracted with acetone and water,concentrated and prepared into 5%solutions,into which 60 larvae at 2nd instar were placed for culture and observed under microscope after 24,48 and 72h of culture.The number of dead nematodes was counted under microscope and the corrected mortality rate of nematodes calculated.The result showed that acetone and water extracts from Artemisia argyi Levl.et Vant.,Paederia scandens(Lour.)Merr.,Sophora alopecuroides L.,Cynanchun komarovii AL.,Asarum sieboldii Miq.and Eupatorium adenophoram L.had a high toxic activity against banana root-knot nematodes.The activities of extracts from Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Nees,Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.,Ginkgo biloba,Phyllanthus urinaria L,Portulaca oleracea L.and Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bunge.were weak against the banana root-knot nematodes.In addition,the activities of the extracts against the nematodes were increased with the treatment,and the activity of the acetone extract against the nematodes was higher than that of the water extract of the same herb.