重新理解经验转向——一种海德格尔技术哲学的视角

Re-understanding Empirical Turn——A Perspective of Heidegger’s Philosophy of Technology

荷兰技术哲学家克罗斯和梅耶斯首先提出了作为一种技术哲学研究纲领的经验转向。阿赫特豪斯和布瑞则把经验转向拓展为一种技术哲学史观,构建了一种从经典技术哲学到两次经验转向的技术哲学发展脉络。经验转向起于对所谓经典技术哲学的批判,但这种批判实际上主要针对的是海格德尔开创的"哲学-现象学批判"的技术哲学传统。因此,经验转向可以被理解为一种后海德格尔的技术哲学。在海德格尔技术哲学的视角下,经验转向正是现代技术对技术哲学本身的解蔽,是技术哲学的完成与命运。面对这种命运,我们应该对技术哲学保持虚怀敞开的态度,复兴其他的技术哲学传统,从而为新的可能性留有余地。

Kroes and Meijers, the Dutch philosophers of technology, first proposed empirical turn(EP) as a research program of philosophy of technology. Achterhuis and Brey extended EP to a history of philosophy of technology, and constructed a development thread from classical philosophy of technology to two EPs. While originating from the criticism of the so-called classical philosophy of technology, EP is in fact mainly aiming at the tradition of philosophy-phenomenology criticism from Martin Heidegger’s philosophy of technology. Therefore, EP can be understood as a post-Heidegger philosophy of technology. From the perspective of Heidegger’s philosophy of technology, EP is just the disclosure of modern technology to philosophy of technology itself. It is Vollendung and Geschick of philosophy of technology. Faced with this kind of Geschick, an open-minded attitude should be taken towards philosophy of technology and other traditions of philosophy of technology should be revived so as to leave room for new possibilities.