“大数据杀熟”背后的伦理审思、治理与启示

Ethical Reflections, Governance and Implications Under the Background of Big Data Price Discrimination

大数据技术在提升社会运行效率、丰富人们日常生活的同时亦带来了"杀熟"的问题,不仅侵犯了用户的合法权益,还进一步影响着人们对技术的信任程度。技术发展的不成熟、过分逐利的资本诉求、"不在场"的伦理规范、监管的复杂与不到位及用户对维护自身合法权益的疏忽与艰难等共同导致了如此恶果。据此,可以试着从数据自身、互联网平台以及用户三个角度出发去重新审视"大数据杀熟"背后所蕴含的伦理反思:主要涉及到数据的拥有与分配、算法所应遵循的伦理规则、责任主体的合理界定、相关平台的信任机制之维护以及用户自身"数据权"意识的觉醒等重要议题。唯其如此,整个社会方有可能在数据的运用与约束方面朝着"科技向善"的理念持续迈进。

Big data technology improves social operation’s efficiency and enriches people’s daily life,but it also brings the problem of price discrimination in the process of development.It not only infringes the legitimate rights and interests of users,but also affects people’s trust in this advanced technology,which maybe due to the imperfection of technology development,the excessive pursuit of capitals,the absence of ethical norms and principles,the complexity and inadequacy of supervision and the users’negligence as well as difficulty of protecting their own legitimate rights.Therefore,such perspectives of data itself,Internet platforms and users can be taken to reexamine the hidden ethical reflections of big data technology,mainly involving several key points-the ownership and distribution of data,the ethical rules that algorithms should follow,the reasonable definition of subjects of responsibility,the maintenance of the trust mechanism of relevant platforms,and the awakening of users’awareness of"data rights".Only by doing so can big data technology be better understood and applied,and the whole society is likely to make continuous progress towards the concept of"Tech for Social Good"in the application and restriction of data.