本土、异域与形式的演变:从施蛰存的“妻子”谈起

Perspective from SHI Zhecun’s “Wife”: Domesticity, Alienness and Transformation of Form

20世纪三四十年代,施蛰存对小说形式做出了拓展。其后期转向并非被动的,而是体现了强烈的内在驱动和自发性。在施蛰存的创作中,以"妻子"为核心的"家庭生活"主题具有特殊意义。值得关注的是这一主题在不同风格形式之间的流动。在此基础上,"家庭"可进一步被看作一种隐喻性结构:"家"本身包含了"本土"的意味,在施蛰存的小说中,它成为本土性与异域性竞争的场域,并以本土性的复归为最终趋向。从写作手法角度出发,正是通过心理空间的调整和压缩,"家"逐渐脱离超现实魔境,实现写实效果。也就是说,小说内部本土性和在地性的复原拓展到文本之外,呼应了作者对于传统文类形式和文学手法的重新选择。

The essay reinterprets SHI Zhecun’s developments and transformations in novelistic form from 1930 s to 1940 s and tries to reveal that SHI’s stylistic transformation in the late 1930 s is not sudden and passive, but spontaneous and strongly motivated. Emphasizing that the subject of "family life" with "wife" as the centre is of significance in his creation, the study investigates the subject’s flow among different styles;furthermore, it takes "home" as a kind of metaphorical structure: the concept of "home" always implies "domestic". In SHI’s works, "home" becomes a field for competition between "domesticity" and "alienness";as a result, domesticity is gradually restored. From the perspective of writing technique, it is exactly the readjustment and contraction of psychological space that releases "home" from the surreal grotesque land to a steady realistic space. That is to say, the internal restoration of domesticity and locality ultimately extends to the external, working in concert with SHI’s re-selection of traditional generic form and literary techniques.