共同体的庇护——集体行动向个体行动转变的人类学视角

Community Protection: From Collective to Individual Actions in the Anthropological Perspective

在现有集体行动研究中,学者多聚焦于个体如何促成集体行动,却极少关注集体行动后的个体行动。然而,集体行动的结束意味着的往往并非事件的终结,而是个体行动的开始。以某市A庄为例,通过分析村庄居民在贴吧中的讨论,可观察集体行动向个体行动的转变。集体行动之后,村庄居民继续实施个体行动,但具有很强的集体性。这是因为村庄居民仍向村庄寻求共同体庇护,个体行动以集体情感为信念,以集体关系为纽带。对这一逻辑的揭示不仅有利于理解集体行动与个体行动之间的关系,更有助于寻求重建村落的可能方式。

As for the studies of collective actions, both Western and Chinese scholars focus more on how individual actions contribute to collective actions while scarcely discussing how individuals react after a collective action. However, it is not always the case that collective actions lead to the end of the event. Rather, it may mark the beginning of individual actions. Taking the online post bar of A Town Village as a case, this article analyzes how collective actions evolve into individual actions by observing the villagers’ online discussions. It is found that the villagers turned to individual actions after the failure of collective actions, yet without detachment from collective traits. It is because villagers still seek community protection by identifying their beliefs with the community beliefs and sustaining a close emotional bond with the community. The revealed logic helps us better understand the relation between collective actions and individual actions and sheds light on possible ways to rebuild new villages in the future.