基于区块链技术的学生综合素质评价系统设计

Architecture Design of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation System for Students Based on Blockchain Technology

学生综合素质评价是推动新时代育人方式和评价系统综合改革的关键。我国经过10余年的学生综合素质评价探索,基础教育的育人方式和高校招生考试改革均有较大转变,但也存在综合素质评价效用不高、权责不清、客观公正不足、安全可靠性不敷等问题。区块链作为一种新型的分布式数据存储技术,具有去中心化、点对点传输、共识机制、加密防伪和智能合约等技术优势。构建和应用基于区块链的学生综合素质评价系统,不失为解决学生综合素质评价问题的一条有效途径。基于Hyperledger Fabri设计的学生综合素质评价系统架构包括基础设施层、网络层、共识层、数据层、智能合约层、接口层和应用层,可在宏观治理层面支持弱中心化的评价联盟运行,在中观评价层面实现安全、可信、溯源的数据录入,评价实施,结果查询与应用等评价过程。但建设和应用基于区块链的学生综合素质评价系统是一项系统性工程,需要不断明确和解决理念、技术、数据、算法、制度等方面的问题。

The Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Students(CQES)is the key to promoting the comprehensive reform of high school education and college entrance examination in the new era.For the last decade,through exploring and implementing the CQES,the education methods of K-12 education,and the reform of college entrance examinations have changed greatly.However,CQES still has problems such as poor evaluation results,unclear defining of power and responsibility,inadequate objectivity and fairness,and insufficient security and reliability.Blockchain,as a new type of distributed data storage technology,has technical advantages such as decentralization,point-to-point transmission,consensus mechanism,encryption and anti-counterfeiting,and smart contracts.It is an effective way to solve the above problems by constructing and applying a comprehensive quality evaluation system for students(CQESS)based on blockchain technology.The CQESS architecture built on Hyperledger Fabri includes the infrastructure layer,network layer,consensus layer,data layer,smart contract layer,interface layer and application layer.This CQESS architecture can support the operation of a decentralized evaluation alliance at the macro governance level,and realize the evaluation process of safe,credible and traceable data entry,evaluation implementation,result query and application at the meso level.However,the construction and application of the CQESS based on blockchain technology is a systematic project.It is necessary to constantly clarify and solve problems in ideas,technologies,data,algorithms and systems.