晚清公共阅读空间中的“隐性启蒙”——以厦门博闻书院为中心的考察

The “Hidden Enlightenment” in the Public Reading Space in the Late Qing Dynasty:An Investigation Based on Xiamen Bowen Academy

晚清随着西方文化渐入,我国传统书院出现了一定程度的转变。厦门博闻书院即此背景下的产物,它由中外人士合力创办,并剔除相关"考课"功能,突出公共阅读功能,成为较早具有"公共阅读空间"性质的藏书机构。博闻书院"公共阅读"特色包括院藏书籍多样化、书院设置现代化、书院管理制度化、书院功能立体化等。它隐性地激发了近代公共阅读事业和近代化图书馆的发展,并契合当时的学术转型需求,是我国近代思想文化启蒙建构中的一个版块。

With the gradual entry of Western culture in the late Qing Dynasty,the nature of traditional Chinese academies had changed to a certain extent with the transformation of society.Xiamen Bowen Academy was the product of this background.It was jointly founded by Chinese and foreign people,and it had removed the relevant"examination"function from other newstyle colleges,highlighting the public reading function and becoming the earliest book collection agency in China with the nature of"public reading space".The"public reading"features of the Bowen Academy included the diversification of the library books,the modernization of the colleges,the institutionalization of the colleges,and the three-dimensional function of the colleges.In its short history of creation,it promoted the spread of Western learning in a recessive form,inspired the development of modern public reading and modernized libraries,and met the needs of academic transformation at that time.It was part of the modern ideological and cultural enlightenment in China.