试析发达国家汉语志愿教师的返乡文化休克现象

An Analysis of the Phenomenon of Reverse Culture Shock Volunteer teachers of Chinese in developed countries

所谓“文化休克”就是由于离开过去熟悉的文化而不能适应新环境所引起一系列心理和生理上的变化。近年来,世界“汉语热”的兴起增加了海外汉语教师的需求量,越来越多的汉语教师到世界各国任教,他们不但在赴任国会面临文化休克问题,返乡的汉语志愿教师也会产生文化休克,可称之为“返乡文化休克”,尤其是从发达国家返乡的汉语志愿教师更是如此。返乡文化休克分为甜蜜期、重创期、恢复期和适应期几个阶段,分为为语言休克、生活休克和工作休克几大类,可分别从内外部因素两方面加以消除。

The so-called"culture shock"is a series of psychological and physical changes caused by the inability to adopt to the new environment after leaving the past and familiar cultural environment.In recent years,the rising of the"Mandarin craze"has increased the demand of overseas Chinese teachers.More and more Chinese teachers go abroad to teach Chinese language around the word.Chinese volunteer teachers not only face the problem of culture shock in the host country they work in,but also they have such a problem after they return,so do the Chinese volunteer teachers returning from developed countries.The culture shock can be called"Reverse Culture Shock".Reverse Culture Shocks can be divided into several stages:honeymoon stage,breakdown stage,recovery stage and adjustment stage.It falls into several kinds:Language shock,Life shock and Work shock which can be eliminated from both internal and external factors.