大型商业综合体消防设计模式与消防管理分析

Analysis on fire protection design mode and fire safety management of large commercial complex

总结大型商业综合体消防设计中采用的常规模式、有顶棚的步行街模式"、大中庭"模式的设计特点,对比分析不同设计模式的要求及对消防安全管理的影响、消防安全管理的重点。常规模式建筑内将使用大量防火卷帘,为满足疏散距离而设置的中部疏散楼梯在首层难以直通室外,消防安全管理重点是保障建筑内大量防火卷帘的完好有效。有顶棚的步行街模式应保证顶部排烟窗面积,主力店应设置独立疏散设施,消防安全管理的重点为保障步行街的消防措施得到落实。"大中庭"模式需控制防火卷帘的使用量,其他各防火分区也应设置各自的疏散设施,消防安全管理需要重点保障中庭的安全性。

The characteristics of conventional mode,covered pedestrian street mode and"large atrium"mode in fire design of large commercial complex were summarized.The requirements of different design mode and the impact of fire safety management,fire safety management focus was compared.A large number of fire resistant shutters will be used in the conventional mode,and the central evacuation staircase in the building well be set to meet the evacuation distance,which is difficult to reach the outdoor on the first floor.The key of fire safety management is to ensure the effective of a large number of fire resistant shutters in the building.The covered pedestrian street model should ensure the area of smoke exhaust window at the top was meet requirements,the main stores should set up independent evacuation facilities,and the focus of fire safety management is to ensure the implementation of fire protection measures for the pedestrian street.The"large atrium"mode should restrict the amount of fire resistant shutters.Each fire partition should set up own evacuation facilities,the focus of fire safety management is to ensure the safety of atrium.