宜宾烟区土壤和烟叶含氯状况及氯化钾肥的适宜施用量研究

Chlorine Contents of Soil and Tobacco Leaves,and the Suitable Application Amount of Potassium Chloride in Yibin Tobacco Area

为明确四川宜宾烟区土壤和烟叶含氯状况,提高烟叶质量,采用定点定位取样的方法,分析了四川宜宾烟区110个土壤样品与73个烟叶样品的氯含量;在氯含量较低的土壤上进行不同氯化钾施用量对烟叶氯含量及土壤氯含量的影响研究。宜宾市植烟土壤平均水溶性氯含量15.58 mg/kg,76.36%土壤的水溶性氯含量处于较低及低水平;烟叶平均氯含量0.22%,80.82%烟叶处于低及缺水平。不同生育期烟叶和初烤烟叶的氯含量随着氯化钾施用量的增加而增加;施用氯化钾80 kg/hm^2处理的烤后各部位烟叶氯含量均在适宜范围(0.3%~0.8%)内;施用氯化钾后土壤中的氯含量明显提高,随着生育期的推进,土壤水溶性氯含量逐渐减少,至烟叶采收后和第二年烤烟移栽前土壤中基本无氯积累。土壤含氯量低的烟区可适当增施氯化钾肥以提高烟叶质量。

The status of chlorine content in soil and tobacco leaves were analyzed in order to improve the quality of tobacco leaves in Yibin of Sichuan.The chlorine contents of soil(110 samples)and tobacco leaves(73 samples)were analyzed by method of fixed-point location sampling.The effects of different KCL application amount on the chlorine contents of tobacco leaf and soil were studied in the soil with low chlorine content.The results showed that the average chlorine content of soil was 15.58 mg/kg,the water-soluble chlorine content in 76.36% soil samples was at a low or lower level.The average chlorine content of tobacco leaves was 0.22%,80.82% tobacco leaf samples was at lower level.The chlorine content of tobacco leaves in different growth stages and flue-cured tobacco leaves increased with the application of potassium chloride.The chlorine contents in all parts of flue-cured tobacco leaves were within the appropriate range of 0.3%-0.8% after 80 kg/hm^2 potassium chlorine was applied.The contents of chlorine in soil were increased obviously after the application of potassium chloride.With the advance of the growth period,the content of water-soluble chlorine of soil decreased gradually.There was no chlorine accumulation in the soil after harvesting and before transplanting flue-cured tobacco in the next year.In conclusion,the quality of tobacco leaves could be improved by appropriate chlorinated potassium fertilizer application in tobacco-growing area with low chlorine content.