密度对旱地兰州百合干物质和养分累积的影响

Effect of the density on the dry matter and nutrient accumulation of Lanzhou lily in dry land

为保证旱地大田条件下兰州百合种球的商品性和质量,需科学明确其种植密度。文章采用生长分析方法,研究2个种植密度对兰州百合种球干物质及养分吸收累积的影响。结果表明:密度显著影响不同生长年限种球生育期干物质和氮、磷、钾素吸收累积变化动态特征。密度增加可使苗期至现蕾期地上植株、地下鳞茎干物质累积速度增大,干物质累积增多,但干物质快速持续累积的时间缩短,干物质累积峰值提前。单位面积单位时间兰州百合种球氮、磷、钾素养分吸收累积量随种植密度的增大而增加。高密度与低密度相比较,第1年枯萎期(192 d)种球磷、钾素累积量差异达极显著水平(P<0.01),氮素累积量差异不显著(P>0.05);第2年枯萎期(533 d)种球氮、磷、钾素累积量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。枯萎期第2年比第1年,低密度种植种球氮、磷、钾素累积增长均高于高密度种植,种球氮、磷、钾素累积量分别增长79.11%,72.48%,21.45%,而高密度下分别增长48.34%,11.56%,-20.09%。建议旱地大田生产,兰州百合种球的合理种植密度以60万~65万株/hm^2为宜。

In order to ensure the commercial quality of Lanzhou edible lily bulbs under the conditions of dryland,it is necessary to scientifically determine the planting density.In this experiment,the growth analysis method was used to study the effects of two planting densities on the dry matter and nutrient uptake of lily bulbs.The result shows that the planting density significantly affects the dynamics of dry matter and NPK absorption and accumulation during the growth period of different growth years.The increase of density can improve the accumulation rate of dry matter in underground plants and bulbs at the seedling stage and bud stage,and while the accumulation of dry matter increases,the time of rapid accumulation of dry matter is shortened,and the peak of dry matter accumulation is advanced.The absorption and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients per unit area of Lanzhou edible lily bulbs improved with the increase of planting density.Compared with the low density,the difference of dry matter,phosphorus and potassium accumulation in the first year of wilting(192 d)was extremely significant(P<0.01),while the difference in nitrogen accumulation was not significant(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the second year of the wilt period(533 d)(P>0.05).In the second year of the wilt period,compared with the first year,the cumulative growth of NPK in the low-density planting bulbs was higher than that in the high-density planting.The accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the bulbs increased by 79.11%,72.48%,and 21.45%at low density,respectively,and increased by 48.34%,11.56% and -20.09% at high density,respectively.The reasonable planting density of Lanzhou edible lily bulbs is 600 000 plants/hm^2 to 650 000 plants/hm^2.