2000-2015年内蒙古地区土地沙漠化脆弱性评估

Assessment of the Land Desertification Vulnerability in Inner Mongolia During the Period 2000-2015

脆弱性是区域生态环境的重要评价指标,基于VSD(Vulnerability Scoping Diagram)脆弱性评估框架,选取17个自然和社会经济指标构建沙漠化脆弱性评估指标体系,评估了内蒙古地区2000—2015年土地沙漠化脆弱性演变趋势,识别重要影响因素,并提出内蒙古地区沙漠化防治建议。结果表明:(1)内蒙古沙漠化暴露度和敏感性演变均呈现出较强的空间异质性。暴露度显著升高区域集中在内蒙古西南部;敏感性显著升高区域位于内蒙古中部;全区适应能力不断提升。(2)沙漠化脆弱性呈现“东北部低—西南部高”的空间格局,脆弱性显著升高区域集中在巴彦淖尔市乌拉特后旗中部,且主要由暴露度升高造成。(3)2000年以来内蒙古地区经济发展及其带来的适应能力提升是导致内蒙古土地沙漠化脆弱性普遍降低的重要原因,植被、风蚀和干湿指数等是脆弱性演变的关键自然因素。该结果对于内蒙古地区沙漠化防治及区域经济社会可持续发展具有重要的意义。

Vulnerability is an important indicator for regional ecology and environment assessment.Based on the VSD(vulnerability scoping diagram)framework,an indicator system of desertification vulnerability consisting of 17 natural and social economic factors was constructed to assess the evolutionary trend,identify important influencing factors,and propose strategies to control desertification in Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2015.The results show that:(1)both exposure and sensitivity of desertification in Inner Mongolia showed significant spatial heterogeneity,the area experiencing the significant increase in desertification exposure mainly concentrated in the southwestern part,while the regions with obviously increasing trend of desertification sensitivity were mainly located in the central of Inner Mongolia;and the desertification adaptability of the whole region showed a stable increasing trend;(2)the desertification vulnerability of Inner Mongolia showed a spatial pattern of‘lower-northeast and higher-southwest’;the regions with significant increasing trend of desertification vulnerability concentrated in the middle of the Urad Houqi and Bayan Nur,which were mainly induced by the increasing trend of exposure;(3)the adaptability improvement induced by economic development was the main reason for the reduction of desertification vulnerability in Inner Mongolia since 2000,and vegetation,wind erosion and dry-wet index were the key natural factors on the evolution of desertification vulnerability.The results of this research exhibited the great significance for desertification control and sustainable development of regional economy and society.