京津冀城市群旅游经济联系分析——基于改进引力模型

Analysis on Tourism Economic Connection of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Based on the Improved Gravity Model

在引力模型框架下,将城市间物理距离改进为基于交通时间和货币上的相对距离,构建旅游经济联系强度模型,计算2012年和2018年京津冀城市群主要城市之间的旅游经济联系强度及旅游影响力,并运用ArcGIS10.2软件对京津冀地区旅游经济联系空间格局演化进行分析。结果显示:京津冀旅游经济联系格局从以北京为中心的"单中心放射型"演变为以北京、天津为中心的"双核心网络型";北京的旅游影响力在京津冀城市群处于绝对优势,天津次之;河北省主要城市之间的旅游经济联系以及各城市的旅游影响力整体呈上升趋势,但仍有巨大上升空间。京津冀三地应联动整合旅游资源,开发跨区域旅游大市场,扩大市场规模;建立区域旅游创新合作机制,搭建平台使旅游发展低阶梯度地区能够直接承接高阶地区的前沿旅游创新成果;在政府引导下通过促进行业协会、旅游龙头企业、旅游相关企业之间的对接与合作,发挥旅游企业的主体作用。

Under the framework of gravity model,the physical distance is improved to the relative distance of time and currency based on traffic. The tourism economic connection strength model is constructed to calculate the intensity of tourism economic connection between the major cities and tourism influence of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in 2012 and2018;and ArcGIS10.2 is used to analyze the spatial pattern evolution of tourism economic connection in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.The results show that the pattern of tourism economic connection among Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei has evolved from a"singlecentral radiation"pattern centered on Beijing to a"dual-core network"pattern centered on Beijing and Tianjin. Beijing’s tourism influence is in an absolute advantage in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,followed by Tianjin. Tourism economic connection between major cities in Hebei Province and the tourism influence of cities have increased,but there is still large room for growth. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei should integrate tourism resources to develop cross-region tourism markets and expand the size of the market. It is suggested to establish a regional tourism innovation cooperation mechanism to enable low-level tourism development regions to directly take on the tourism innovation achievements of high-level regions. Under the guidance of the government,the main role of tourism enterprises should be brought into play by promoting the cooperation between tourism industry associations,leading enterprises,and tourism-related enterprises.