高校毕业生可雇佣能力与企业需求的差异分析——基于高校和企业的双向视角

An Analysis of the Differences between the University Graduates’ Employability and Enterprise Demand——Based on the Two-way Perspective of Universities and Enterprises

可雇佣性是个体所展示的、雇主所期望的、在将来的岗位中能够有效工作的行为特征,是企业雇佣人才和高校培养人才的共同关注点。文章梳理了国内外学者关于可雇佣性研究的现状,利用KSAOs可雇佣性模型构建高校和企业可雇佣性供需模型。以人力资源管理专业为例,收集高校培养方案和企业人力资源管理相关岗位任职要求,通过对比分析得出:高校培养趋同化严重,在通用技能领域、专业胜任能力和特质培养领域与企业认知存在严重差异。为消除差异、解决当前可雇佣性结构矛盾,高校应根据市场需求调整培养方案,构建以企业需求为导向的专业课程体系,完善实习机制,引导学生做好个人职业规划。

Employability is a behavioral characteristic that individual exhibits,employers expect,and can work effectively in future positions.It is a common concern of hiring talents and cultivating talents in colleges and universities.The article firstly combs the domestic and foreign scholars'research on the status quo of employability,and based on this,uses the KSAOs employability model to build a model of employment and demand for colleges and enterprises,and takes the human resources management profession as an example to collect college training programs.And the requirements of the positions related to human resources management of enterprises,using qualitative research,from the perspective of universities and enterprises:the training of colleges and universities is serious,and in the field of general skills,professional competence and traits training and corporate cognition Serious differences.According to the research results,it provides relevant enlightenment for the cultivation of talents in colleges and universities,and provides reference for the solution of the structural contradictions of the employment of new generation graduates.