《大广益会玉篇》考论

Textual Research on Daguang Yihui Yupian（《大广益会玉篇》）

南梁顾野王《玉篇》经唐代孙强增字减注、宋代陈彭年等重修为《大广益会玉篇》,成为在东亚语言文化史上影响最大的古辞书。《大广益会玉篇》的底本属于孙强上元本系统,是在上元本的基础上校勘修订而成的,虽主体内容继承底本,但也较多地删减底本字条。《大广益会玉篇》现存中外版本有62种,其中宋本两种,即10行本与11行本,10行本为清代刊本之源,11行本为元明刊本之源。元本12种分4个系统,即圆沙书院系、至正丙申系、建安蔡氏系、内阁文库12行系。明本17种分3个系统,即与元代圆沙书院本系统相传承的明初刊本、建安朱氏与耕书堂本等,与元代至正丙申本系统相传承的吴勉学师古斋本、建安郑氏宗文堂刊本,与元代建安蔡氏本系统相传承的永乐甲午广勤书堂本、宣德辛亥清江书堂本。清本13种分为曹寅刊本和泽存堂刊本两个系统。和刻本共18种,以五山本为最早。

Yupian(《玉篇》),written by Gu Yewang in Nanliang,was added characters collection and reduced annotations by Sun Qiang in the Tang Dynasty,revised afresh as Daguang Yihui Yupian(《大广益会玉篇》)by Chen Pengnian in the Song Dynasty,thus becoming the most infl uential ancient dictionary in the history of East Asia language and culture.Daguang Yihui Yupian(《大广益会玉篇》),the master copy of which belongs to the system of Sun Qiang Shangyuan edition,was collated and revised on the basis of the Shangyuan edition.Although its main content inherited the master copy,many entries were also deleted.There are sixty two kinds of extant Chinese and foreign versions of Daguang Yihui Yupian(《大广益会玉篇》),including two editions of Song Dynasty,i.e.,ten-row edition and twelverow edition,respectively derived from Qing edition and Yuan—Ming edition.These twelve types of Yuan edition could be divided into four systems,i.e.,the Yuansha Academy system,the Zhizheng Bingshen system,the Jian’an Caishi system,and the Neige Wenku system.These seventeen kinds of Ming edition could be divided into three systems,i.e.,the early Ming edition,the Jian’an Zhushi edition and the Gengshutang edition derived from the Yuansha Academy system,the Wumian Xueshi Guzhai edition,Jian’an Zhengshi Zongwentang edition descended from the Zhizheng Bingshen system of Yuan Dynasty,together with Yongle Jiawu Guangqinshutang edition,Xuande Xinhai Qingjiangshutang edition originated from the Jian’an Caishi system of the Yuan Dynasty.These thirteen Qing edition could be divided into two categories,Cao Yin edition and Zecuntang edition.The Wushan edition is the earliest edition of the eighteen Japan block-printed editions.