四川乐安湿地冬季水鸟多样性研究

Study on the waterbirds diversity in winter at Le’an wetland, Sichuan

乐安湿地作为凉山州最重要的沼泽湿地之一,为掌握其冬季水鸟资源,本研究于2016年1、10、11月对乐安湿地的冬季鸟类资源进行调查,同时分析其区系及组成、鸟类多样性和干扰因素等。结果显示:在乐安湿地共记录到水鸟21种6 028只,隶属于6目8科(其中,国家I级重点保护鸟类2种,国家II级重点保护鸟类1种;IUCN物种红色名录的湿地鸟类有4种);3次调查水鸟群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别为1月最高(1.41)、10月最低(0.69),Pielou均匀度指数类似;乐安湿地的人为干扰较为严重,其中放牧影响最大。

As one of the most important swampy wetland in Liangshan prefecture, the winter bird resources of Le’an wetland investigated in January, October and November 2016 and its fauna and composition, bird diversity and disturbance factors were analyzed in order to know its winter waterfowl species. The results showed that a total of 21 species were recorded with the size of 6 028 individuals, belonging to 6 orders and 8 families. Among them, 2 species are classified into I level nationally protected birds, 1 specie classified into II protected bird, and 4 species of wetland birds on the red list of IUCN species. Our results of three times waterfowl surveys revealed the highest index of Shannon-Wiener diversity is in the January(1.41), however, the lowest is in the October(0.69), and the Pielou evenness index was similar. However, the investigation found that the human disturbance in the Le’an wetland is more serious, and the grazing has the greatest impact.