几种忍冬属植物开花过程中花色和色素的变化

Changes of Floral Color and Pigment Content During Flowering in Several Species of Lonicera L.

以5种忍冬属藤本植物为试料,研究其开花过程中花色及其有关色素的变化.试验结果表明,在开花过程中,各个种的花色变化明显,花中有关色素的质量分数普遍发生明显的变化.忍冬花蕾初期叶绿素质量分数最高,随着花朵发育,叶绿素呈下降趋势;各个种之间类胡萝卜素的变化无明显规律;忍冬开花过程中在花朵中没有检测到花青苷,火焰忍冬、贯月忍冬和台尔曼忍冬花朵红色主要是花青苷类物质的成色作用;格雷姆忍冬的呈色主要为黄酮类物质的作用,忍冬和火焰忍冬随着花蕾发育到开花过程中总黄酮和黄酮醇呈下降趋势,贯月忍冬和台尔曼忍冬总黄酮和黄酮醇含量在开花过程中变化不明显.结果表明,供试的5种忍冬属植物花中各色素组分的相对质量分数影响花的呈色.

With 5 species of Lonicera Linn.as experiment materials,the changes in their floral color and pigment contents during the flowering stages were studied.The results showed that in the process of flowering,the changes in their floral color and pigment contents were obvious,and the mass fractions of the related pigments generally exhibited conspicuous changes.The mass fraction of chlorophyll in L.japonica was at the highest level at the initial budding stage,and decreased steadily with the process of flowering.No obvious regularity was observed in the changes in carotenoids among the species.No anthocyanins were detected during the flowering stage of L.japonica.The red pigments consisted mainly of anthocyanins in L.×heckrottii Rehd.‘Huoyan’,L.sempervirens and L.×tellmanniana.Flavone and flavonol were found to be mainly responsible for the coloration in L.periclymenum L.‘Geleimu’.Total flavone and flavonol were in decline from budding to blooming in L.japonica and L.×heckrottii Rehd.‘Huoyan’,and did not change significantly during flowering in L.sempervirens and L.×tellmanniana.In conclusion,the coloration of Lonicera flowers is conditioned by the relative mass fractions of various pigments in the 5 climbing honeysuckles.