河南平顶山市人体重要肠道蠕虫流行现状调查

Survey and analysis of intestinal helminthprevalence in population in Pingdingshan City

目的掌握平顶山市人群重要肠道蠕虫感染现状和流行特征。方法按照《全国第三次人体重点寄生虫病调查实施细则》的要求,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取6个县(市、区)的10个监测点,采用改良加藤法开展肠道蠕虫检查,3~6岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛门拭法检查蛲虫和带绦虫卵。结果2014~2015年共调查2563人,平顶山市肠道蠕虫总感染率为2.46%,检出肠道蠕虫5种。其中蛲虫感染率最高,为1.13%(29/2563);其次为蛔虫,感染率为0.90%(23/2563)。平原地形肠道蠕虫感染率为1.48%(23/1557)低于丘陵、山区地形的3.98%(40/1006),差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=14.907,P<0.05)。男性肠道蠕虫总感染率为3.00%(37/1232),女性为1.88%(26/1331),差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.708,P>0.05)。不同年龄组中,9岁以下蛲虫感染率最高(3.47%),40~60岁蛔虫感染率最高;20~39岁钩虫和鞭虫感染率为0.51%,仅在20~39岁人群中发现华支睾吸虫一例。不同职业分布中,学龄前儿童肠道蠕虫总感染率最高,为3.81%(9/236),且以蛲虫感染为主,感染率3.39%(8/236)。不同文化程度分布中,小学文化程度肠道蠕虫总感染率最高,为3.17%(18/568),以蛔虫感染为主,感染率1.76%(10/568)。结论平顶山市人群肠道寄生虫感染率已大幅度下降,但相比较农民蛔虫感染率较高,城市居民蛲虫感染率较高,我市寄生虫病防治工作仍需加强。

Objective To understand the prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis infection in population in Pingdingshan City.Methods By regulations to implement the Third National Survey Program of Key Parasitic Diseases in Humans and between 2014 and 2015,we randomly included ten monitoring sites within 6 counties and districts under the administration of Pingdingshan city using stratified cluster sampling method.Modified Kato-Katz thick smear method was applied to detect the eggs of intestinal helminthes.Transparent adhesive tape was additionally used to sample theeggs of Enterobius vermicularis and Taenia saginataat the anus in children aged 3 to 6 years.Results Total 2563 individuals were surveyed,which indicated total infection rate of 2.46%.Of the 5 species of intestinal helminthes identified,pinworm most occurred(1.13%,29/2563),followed by ascaris(0.90%,29/2563).The infection rate of intestinal helminth was 1.48%(40/1006)in population living in plain areas,and 3.98%(23/1557)in those living in hilly and mountainous areas.The difference was significant(χ^2=214.907,P<0.05).The total helminth infection rate was 3.00%(37/1232)for men and 1.88%(26/1331)for women,with no significant difference(χ^2=0.708,P>0.05).By different age group,Enterobius vermicularis mostly affected children under 9 years old(3.47%),and ascaris was most associated with population aged between 40 and 60 years.Hookworms and flagellates were most seen in subjects aged from 20 to 39 years(0.51%),in whom Clonorchis sinensis was identified in only one.By occupation distribution,the total infection rate of intestinal helminth was the highest in preschool children(3.81%,9/236),with Enterobius vermicularis most occurred(3.39%,8/236).By educational background,population with only primary school education had the highest total infection rate of intestinal helminth(3.17%,18/568),and the infection was mostly involved in Ascaris lumbricoides(1.76%,10/568).Conclusion The infection rate of intestinal parasites has been greatly reduced in population living in Pingdingshan area.Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis most affect farmer and urban residents,respectively.The findings suggest that prevention and control of parasitic diseases still need strengthening in our city.