不同饲养方式对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、肉质和免疫器官指数的影响

Effects of different feeding systems on growth performance,meat quality and immune organ index of yellow-feather broilers

文章旨在探讨散养和笼养方式对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胴体产量、肉质、淋巴器官指数和血清生化指标的影响。试验选择8周龄黄羽肉鸡800只,随机分为两组,每组5个重复,每个重复80只鸡。两组均饲喂以玉米和豆粕为基础的日粮,试验共开展8周。结果显示,笼养肉鸡具有较好的末重、平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率,而散养肉鸡具有较好的胸肌和腿肌产量、剪切力、肉色、较低的滴水损失和较低的腹部脂肪沉积。此外,散养肉鸡的胸腺重量和胸腺相对重量显著高于笼养肉鸡(P <0.05),同时散养的肉鸡血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、甘油三酯和胆固醇含量显著降低(P <0.05),但高密度脂蛋白水平显著升高(P <0.05)。综上所述,散养方式对黄羽肉鸡的胴体产量、肉质、血清生化指标均有一定的促进作用,表现为胸肌和腿肌产率高、腹部脂肪产率低、肉色好、血清生化指标较好,但对生长性能有一定的负面影响。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of free-range and caged rearing on growth performance,carcass yield,meat quality,lymphoid organ index and serum biochemical indexes of yellow feather broilers. 800 yellow-feathered broilers aged 8 weeks were selected and randomly divided into two treatment groups with 5 repeats in each group and 80 chickens in each repeat. Both groups were fed diets based on corn and soybean meal for 8 weeks. The results showed that caged broilers had better final weight,average daily feed intake,average daily weight gain and feed conversion rate,while free-range broilers had better pectoral muscle and leg muscle yield,shear force,meat color,lower drop loss and lower abdominal fat deposition. In addition,the thymus weight and relative thymus weight of free-range broilers were significantly higher than that of caged broilers(P < 0.05),while the serum glucose,total protein,triglyceride and cholesterol content of free-range broilers were significantly lower(P < 0.05),but the high density lipoprotein level was significantly higher(P < 0.05). To sum up,the way of free range breeding can promote the carcass yield,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of yellow feather broiler to some extent,which is manifested as high pectoral muscle and leg muscle yield,low abdominal fat yield,good meat color and good serum biochemical indexes,but it has a certain negative effect on the growth performance.