氮化物基陶瓷高温透波材料的研究进展

Research progress of nitride based ceramic high temperature wave transparent materials

氮化物基陶瓷材料具有高强度、高模量、耐高温、抗热震和透波等优异的综合性能,是高温透波构件的主要候选材料,目前应用报道较少,制备工艺和性能有待进一步完善和提高。本文综述了氮化物陶瓷、氮化物复相陶瓷及氮化物陶瓷基复合材料的研究现状,发现多孔氮化硅陶瓷、BN-Si3N4复相陶瓷和BNw/Si3N4复合材料的综合性能较为优异,可达到介电常数低于5,介电损耗低于0.01,室温弯曲强度高于200 MPa的水平。本文分析了氮化物基陶瓷高温透波材料研究的现存问题,主要是力学性能与介电性能难以协同提高;最后对高温透波材料体系的选择及其制备工艺的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Nitride-based ceramic materials have excellent comprehensive properties such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance and wave-transparent performance. They are the main candidates for hightemperature wave-transparent components. The reports about their application are few, and the preparation technologies and properties need to be improved. In this paper, the research progress of nitride ceramics, nitride composite ceramics and nitride ceramic matrix composites was summarized. It is found that the comprehensive properties of porous Si3 N4 ceramics, BN-Si3 N4 composite ceramics and BNw/Si3 N4 composites are excellent, with the dielectric constant less than 5, the dielectric loss less than0.01, and the room-temperature flexural strength higher than 200 MPa, respectively. In this paper, the existing problems of the studies on the nitride-based ceramic as high-temperature wave-transparent materials were analyzed, which is mainly that the mechanical properties and dielectric properties are difficult to improve in coordination, and the future development direction of the selection of high-temperature wave-transparent material systems and preparation technologies are prospected.