教育测量理论应用于高考改革实践若干问题的探讨

Issues on the Application of Educational Measurement Theory in the Reform of Gaokao

针对高考改革实践中涌现的一些焦点问题,对目前教育测量理论与技术指导高考改革实践发挥作用的局限性进行学理上的阐述,包括项目反应理论能否应用于高考、考试时长的确定、学业水平等级性考试分数转换、情境化命题、语文写作评分、合成总分录取等。对这些问题的澄清,有助于提升运用教育测量理论指导高考改革实践的针对性和有效性。

In recent years,some practice issues have been occurred successively during the college entrance examination and enrollment system reform that has been implemented in some of the provinces and municipal cities in China since the year 2014.These issues focus on the problems of guiding the reform practices with the educational measurement theories and techniques.This paper tries to give theoretical explanations about some of these issues,such as how to apply item response theory in the test development,the determination of test time length,how to transform the achievement band test scores,the functions of the item context or conditions,how to score the essays in the Chinese language test,college admission based on composite scores,etc.The clarification of these issues could probably promote the pertinence and effectiveness of the reform practices.