考试作弊犯罪法律适用的几个问题

On the Application of the Law to the Crime of Cheating in Examinations

《刑法修正案(九)》增设刑法第二百八十四条之一,规定了组织考试作弊罪、非法出售、提供试题、答案罪和代替考试罪。《关于办理组织考试作弊等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》,明确了考试作弊犯罪的相关法律适用。“法律规定的国家考试”的具体范围应当严格限定,组织考试作弊罪需要理解组织作弊的行为表现方式,非法出售、提供试题、答案罪需要注意试题、答案不完整、不标准、不完全一致的处理,代替考试罪应区分情况定罪处罚。该司法解释的施行,不仅对于确保刑法统一正确适用,有效防范、依法严惩考试作弊犯罪具有重要指导意义,还有助于培育和践行社会主义核心价值观,引领良好社会风尚。

The 9th Amendment to the Criminal Law adds one item after article 284,which stipulates the crime of organizing cheating in examinations,the crime of illegally selling,offering questions and answers and the crime of surrogate exam takers.The Supreme People’s Court issued the Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Criminal Cases Involving Organizing Cheating in Examinations on September 4th 2019,jointly with the Supreme People’s Procuratorate,which clarifies the relevant laws on the crime of cheating in examinations.The specific scope of national examination prescribed by law should be strictly limited.We should understand the main manifestations of the crime of organizing cheating in examinations.Moreover,we should pay attention to the incomplete,nonstandard and inconsistent test questions and answers in the crime of illegally selling and offering questions and answers.In addition,the surrogate exam takers should be punished according to circumstances.The implementation of the Interpretation has important guiding significance for ensuring uniform and correct application of the Criminal Law,effectively preventing and punishing the crime of cheating in examinations.It will play a positive role in fostering and practicing socialist core values and leading good social trends.