极早熟玉米杂交种抗大斑病鉴定与评价

Identification and Evaluation of Resistance of Very Early Mature Maize Hybrids to Leaf Blight

为监测黑河地区玉米大斑病的发生情况,2016-2018年在黑龙江省黑河市爱辉区采用人工接种大斑病和自然发病两种情况下,对黑河地区32个极早熟玉米杂交种进行病害鉴定和评价,明确不同玉米杂交种对大斑病的抗性差异。结果表明:参试玉米品种中无高抗大斑病品种,其中23个品种表现抗大斑病,占参试品种的71.88%;9个品种表现为感大斑病,占参试品种的28.10%;自然条件下发病级别为1级的有12份,占参试总数的37.50%;发病达到3级的14份,占43.75%;发病达到5级的有6份,占18.75%;自然条件下没有发现达到5级以上的感病品种,由此可见,本地区在自然条件下大斑病发病普遍偏轻。

In order to monitor the occurrence of maize leaf spot in Heihe region,from 2016 to 2018,32 extremely early-maturing maize hybrids in Heihe region were identified and evaluated under the conditions of artificial inoculation and natural disease in Aihui district of Heihe City,Heilongjiang Province,and the differences in resistance of different maize hybrids to the disease were clarified.The results showed that there were no varieties with high resistance to the disease,among which 23 varieties showed resistance to the disease,accounting for 71.88%of the tested varieties.Nine varieties were susceptible to the disease,accounting for 28.1%of the tested varieties.Under natural conditions,there were 12 varieties with grade 1,accounting for 37.5%of the total number of tests.Fourteen varieties(43.75%)with grade 3 disease.There were 6 varieties(18.75%)with the incidence reaching grade 5.Under natural conditions,there were no susceptible varieties reaching grade 5 or above,thus,the incidence of large spot disease in this region was generally mild under natural conditions.