心理护理和运动康复在急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后的应用效果

Effects of psychological nursing and exercise rehabilitation on patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的:探讨心理护理及运动康复对急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)患者的干预效果。方法:选取50例行PCI治疗且合并心力衰竭的急性心肌梗死患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组25例。对照组予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上予心理护理联合运动康复,比较两组护理前后心功能指标水平,焦虑、抑郁情况及生命质量。结果:护理后,两组左心射血分数(LVEF)、脑钠肽(BNP)水平均优于护理前,且观察组LVEF水平高于对照组,BNP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组广泛性焦虑量表、健康问卷抑郁量表评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组生命质量综合评定问卷各维度评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:心理护理与运动康复可有效增强急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者PCI术后的心脏康复效果,改善不良情绪,有利于提高其生命质量。

Objective: To study effects of psychological nursing and exercise rehabilitation on patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods: Fifty patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and heart failure, who were treated with PCI, were selected as the study objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into observation group and control group with 25 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the observation group was given psychological nursing and exercise rehabilitation on the basis of that of the control group. The heart function index levels, anxiety score, depression score and quality of life score were compared between the two groups. Results: After the nursing, the levels of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) in the two groups were better than those before the nursing;the LVEF level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the BNP level was lower than that in the control group;all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The scores of the generalized anxiety disorder scale and the health questionnaire depression scale of the two groups were lower than those before the nursing, those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The scores of all dimensions of the generic quality of life inventory of the two groups were higher than those before the nursing, those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: Psychological nursing and exercise rehabilitation can effectively enhance the cardiac rehabilitation effects of the patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure after PCI, improve the bad moods, and improve their quality of life.