强化自我管理与适应性心理护理在高血压性心脏病患者中的应用效果

Application of intensive self-management and adaptive psychological nursing in patients with hypertension heart disease

目的:观察强化自我管理与适应性心理护理在高血压性心脏病患者中的应用效果。方法:选取80例高血压性心脏病患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组采取常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上联合强化自我管理与适应性心理护理。护理3个月后,比较两组患者心理状态、依从性及并发症发生率。结果:干预前,两组依从性量表及心理弹性量表各维度评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经3个月干预后,观察组遵医行为、日常生活管理行为及烟酒嗜好管理行为评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不良服药行为评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组力量、坚韧性以及乐观程度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在高血压性心脏病护理工作中强化自我管理,有助于提高患者临床依从性,同时实施适应性心理护理,改善患者心理状态,降低并发症发生率,确保患者身心健康。

Objective: To observe application effects of intensive self-management and adaptive psychological nursing in patients with hypertensive heart disease. Methods: Eighty patients with hypertensive heart disease were selected as the subjects. They were divided into control group (n=40) and observation group (n=40) according to the random number table method. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group was given the intensive self-management and adaptive psychological nursing on the basis of that of the control group. Three months later, the psychological status, compliance and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results: Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the compliance scale score and each dimension score of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (P>0.05). Three months after the intervention, the scores of compliance behavior, daily life management behavior, and tobacco and alcohol addiction management behavior of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05);the scores of poor medication behavior were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05);and the scores of strength, toughness and optimism were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Further, the incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: For the patients with hypertensive heart disease, the intensive self-management can help to improve the clinical compliance. At the same time, it combined with the adaptive psychological nursing can improve the psychological state of these patients, reduce the incidence of complications and ensure their physical and mental health.