“职教高考”影响下的中职学校办学困境

The Dilemma of Running Schools in Secondary Vocational Schools under the Influence of "College Entrance Examination of Vocational Education"

《国家职业教育改革实施方案》提出,“建立‘职教高考’制度,完善‘文化素质+职业技能’的考试招生办法”。长期以来,由于高考的发展过程中一直伴随着应试主义的倾向,目前部分中职学校也出现了升学导向的现象,因此,随着“职教高考”制度的出台,人们对这一制度是否会导致中等职业教育应试主义倾向的担忧也随之而来。中职学校面临着客观的就业与应试两者之间的博弈。一方面,中等职业学校的办学定位是培养一线技术技能型实用人才;另一方面,社会时代的发展要求劳动者素质的提高。中职学校应该综合考虑自身办学现状与条件,结合地方与国家的要求,解决“坚守”与“突破”的难题。

The National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan proposes to establish a“college entrance examination of vocational education”and improve the examination enrollment method of“cultural quality and vocational skills”.Currently the exam-orientation phenomenon has appeared in some secondary vocational schools and the development of the national college entrance examination has been accompanied by the tendency of test-taking.Therefore,people worry that the“college entrance examination of vocational education”system will lead to the exam-orientation of secondary vocational schools.Secondary vocational schools face objectively the game between exam-orientation and employment orientation.On the one hand,the school orientation of secondary vocational school is to train technical and practical frontline workers.On the other hand,the development of society requires improving the quality of workers.Secondary vocational schools should comprehensively consider the status quo and conditions of themselves,and combine the requirements of local and national to solve the problem of persistence and breakthrough.