不同施肥处理对辣木叶挥发性化学成分的影响

Effect of Different Fertilization Treatments on Volatile Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of Moringa oleifera

本文研究了不同施肥处理方式对辣木叶挥发性化学成分及含量的影响。采用复合肥、尿素、氯化钾、钙镁磷肥对辣木幼苗进行施肥处理,以超声波清洗仪提取实验处理组的辣木叶挥发性化学成分,利用气相色谱质谱联用仪分析辣木叶挥发性化学成分及其质量分数。结果表明:施用尿素组、钙镁磷肥组、氯化钾组和复合肥组的辣木叶分别鉴定出了69、70、71、76种挥发性化合物,质量分数分别为77.56%、80.09%、86.62%、83.13%,空白对照组鉴定出了62种挥发性化合物,质量分数为75.98%。尿素组提高了醇类和烷烃类的含量、降低了羧酸类、醛类、酮类和烯烃类的含量;钙镁磷肥组提高了醇类和烷烃类的含量、降低了羧酸类、酮类和烯烃类的含量;复合肥组提高了醇类和烷烃类的含量、降低了羧酸类、醛类和烯烃类的含量;氯化钾组降低了羧酸类、醛类、烯烃类和酮类的含量。4个施肥处理组对醌类、环烯烃类、酰类、苯酚类等四类化合物含量的影响不显著。施肥处理对辣木叶挥发性化学成分组成和含量均有影响,不同种类的肥料处理影响效果也不同,提高辣木叶挥发性化学成分及含量的最佳肥料配比有待进一步的研究。

The effect of different fertilization treatments on the volatile chemical constituent and content from the leaves of Moringa oleifera were studied in this paper.Compound fertilizer,urea,potassium chloride and mixed calcium-magnesium phosphate were used,the volatile chemical constituent from the leaves were extracted by an ultrasound cleaning instrument,the volatile chemical constituent and mass fraction were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).There were 69,70,71 and 76 volatile chemical constituents identified respectively in the urea group,mixed calcium-magnesium phosphate group,potassium chloride group and compound fertilizer group,and the mass fraction was 77.56%,80.09%,86.62%and 83.13%correspondingly,while there were only 62 volatile chemical constituents with a mass fraction of 75.98%identified in the blank control group.The contents of alcohols and alkanes were increased,and the contents of carboxylic acids,aldehydes,ketones and alkenes were decreased in the urea treatment group;the contents of alcohols and alkanes were increased,and the contents of carboxylic acids,ketones and alkenes were decreased in the calcium-magnesium phosphate group;the contents of alcohols and alkanes were increased,and the contents of carboxylic acids,aldehydes and alkenes were decreased in the compound fertilizer group;the contents of carboxylic acids,aldehydes,alkenes and ketones were decreased in the potassium chloride group.The four fertilization treatment groups had no significant effect on the contents of quinones,cyclolefins,acyls and phenols.Fertilization treatment could influence the volatile chemical constituents and contents from the leaves of M.Oleifera.The effects of different fertilizer treatments were also different.The optimum fertilizer ratio for increasing the volatile chemical compositions and contents from the leaves of M.oleifera need further study.