脑电图在小儿癫痫中的应用探讨

Application of electroencephalogram(EEG) in children with epilepsy

目的对小儿癫痫的患儿进行常规的脑电图检查,分析其临床特征及其脑电图变化情况。探讨脑电图在小儿癫痫中的应用价值。方法对我院2013年1月~2019年8月收治门诊和住院的癫痫患儿共计60例,在发作间歇期进行脑电图检查,分析临床症状及脑电图检查情况。结果本研究入组60例,其中脑电图异常有41例(68.3%),正常者19例(31.7%)。其中癫痫大发作42例,占70.0%,为主要发作类型,其次是小发作14例,占23.3%,还有少部分为失神发作,1例,占1.7%,其他类型发作3例,占5.0%。统计脑电图波型的异常发生率,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑电图对小儿癫痫有较高的诊断价值。但癫痫的诊断应以临床表现及脑电图表现两者相结合,脑电图正常也不能排除癫痫。对小儿癫痫的病例资料及脑电图检查情况进行综合分析,有助于为小儿癫痫的临床诊治提供重要依据。

Objective To perform routine electroencephalogram in children with epilepsy and analyze the clinical features and EEG changes.To investigate the application value of EEG in children with epilepsy.Methods For total 60 patients with epilepsy treated in outpatient department and inpatient department in our hospital from January 2013 to August 2019,electroencephalogram was performed during interictal period to analyze clinical symptoms and EEG results.Results Sixty children were enrolled in the study,including 41 patients(68.3%)with abnormal EEG and 19 patients(31.7%)with normal EEG.It was found that 42 patients had grand mal epilepsy,accounting for 70.0%,which was the main epileptic seizure type;14 patients had petit mal epilepsy,accounting for accounted for 23.3%;1 patient had absence seizure epilepsy,accounting for 1.7%;3 patients had other types of epileptic seizure,accounting for 5.0%.The incidence of abnormal EEG wave pattern was statistically analyzed,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The diagnostic value of electroencephalogram in children with epilepsy is relatively high.However,the diagnosis of epilepsy should be combined with clinical manifestations and EEG.Normal EEG result cannot rule out epilepsy.The comprehensive analysis of medical records and EEG results of children with epilepsy is conductive to providing important evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of children with epilepsy.