行星齿轮箱齿轮组合故障振动频谱特征

Vibration spectral features of planetary gearbox combined faults

行星齿轮箱的局部故障容易发展成为组合故障,复合故障频谱特征与局部故障有明显区别。研究太阳轮与齿圈、太阳轮与行星轮、行星轮与齿圈等组合故障频谱结构对行星齿轮箱故障诊断具有重要意义。考虑组合故障对振动信号的调幅-调频作用,以及时变振动传递路径的调幅作用,建立了组合故障振动信号模型,推导了Fourier频谱公式,总结了组合故障的频谱特征规律。推导了太阳轮与齿圈、太阳轮与行星轮、齿圈与行星轮两两组合故障以及太阳轮、行星轮与齿圈三种齿轮同时故障的特征频率计算公式。通过行星齿轮箱实验信号分析验证了理论推导结果,基于Fourier频谱分析诊断了太阳轮与齿圈、太阳轮与行星轮、齿圈与行星轮组合故障。

Local faults of a planetary gearbox are easy to develop into combined ones.Vibration spectral features of a combined fault are obviously different from those of a local one.So studying spectral structure of combined faults for sun wheel-teeth ring,sun wheel-planet one and planet wheel-teeth ring is of very importance for fault diagnosis of planetary gearbox.Here,considering the frequency-modulation and amplitude-modulation actions of combined faults to vibration signals and the amplitude-modulation of time-varying vibration transmission path,vibration signal models of combined faults were established and their Fourier spectra formulas were derived to summarize spectral feature laws of combined faults.Meanwhile,combined faults’feature frequencies calculation formulas for sun wheel-teeth ring,sun wheel-planet one,planet wheel-teeth ring and sun wheel-planet wheel-teeth ring were deduced,respectively.The results of theoretical derivation were verified with test signal analyses of planetary gearboxes.Based on Fourier spectral analysis,combined faults of sun wheel-teeth ring,sun wheel-planet one and planet wheel-teeth ring were diagnosed.