基于产能与健康综合评价的北京大兴区耕地整治分区

Arable land consolidation zoning based on comprehensive evaluation of capacity and health

耕地整治是增加耕地数量、提升耕地质量的重要措施,是国家实现"藏粮于地、藏粮于技"的重要途径。目前,耕地整治主要关注耕地质量与耕地产能提升,而对耕地健康关注不足。该文利用逐级修正法对耕地产能进行评价,用K-means聚类方法将影响大兴区耕地产能的限制因素进行聚类;利用最小限制因子法进行耕地健康诊断;将限制因素与健康诊断结果进行综合分析,划分耕地整治类型区。结果表明:大兴区耕地产能提升的影响因素类型组合共有15种;大兴区轻度亚健康、中度亚健康和重度亚健康的耕地面积分别为17924.31、6629.28和16260.97 hm^2。从整治类型区划分看,产能提升型重点整治区耕地面积共13582.40 hm^2,占耕地总面积的33.28%;产能提升型一般整治区面积为10971.20 hm^2,占耕地总面积的26.88%;生态涵养型休耕整治区面积为16260.98 hm^2,占耕地总面积的39.84%;根据不同的整治类型,提出了差异化的耕地整治策略。基于限制因素和健康诊断的耕地整治分区研究,为当前国土空间综合整治和耕地资源整体保护、系统修复、综合治理提供科学借鉴。

Rehabilitation of arable land is an important measure to increase the quantity of arable land and improve the quality of arable land. It is an important way for the country to realize the "food crop production strategy based on farmland management and technological application". At present, the improvement of arable land mainly focuses on the improvement of arable land quality and productivity, but insufficient attention to the health of arable land. In this paper, we used the stepwise correction method to evaluate the arable land productivity, analyzed the limiting factors affecting the arable land productivity, used K-means clustering method to cluster the limiting factors in Daxing District;and used the Nemero index method and the minimum limiting factor method for arable land health diagnosis, analysis of the health of arable land;comprehensive analysis of limiting factors and health diagnosis results, and division of land remediation areas. The results showed that there were 15 types of restriction factors in Daxing District, mainly in the four types of "soil profile pattern", "arable land fragmentation", "soil organic matter" and "soil profile pattern-arable land fragmentation", The limitation of soil profile pattern,arable land fragmentation and soil organic matter was relatively common;the area of arable land with mild sub-health, moderate sub-health and severe sub-health in Daxing District was 17 924.31, 6 629.28 and 16 260.97 hm^2, respectively. From a spatial perspective, the light sub-health cultivated land was mainly distributed in the eastern part of Daxing District, moderately healthy arable land was mainly distributed in the western part of Daxing District, while severe sub-health arable land was mainly distributed in the southern part of Daxing District. The area of cultivated land in the capacity-rehabilitation key remediation area was 13 582.40 hm^2, accounting for 33.28% of the total area of cultivated land, mainly in the eastern and northeastern townships such as Qingyundian Town, Changziying Town, Bohai Area, Huangcun District, and Caiyu Town, as well as some areas of Qizhen and Lixian Towns. The area of capacity improvement general rectification area was 10 971.20 hm^2, accounting for 26.88% of the total area of arable land, and was concentrated in areas such as Pang Gezhuang Town, Yuzhen Town, South of Caiyu Town and Beijiao Village Town. The ecological conservation type fallow treatment area was 16 260.98 hm^2, the largest, accounting for 39.84% of the total area of arable land, and was settled in the towns including some areas of Lixian Town, Wei shanzhuang Town and Yufa Town and more in Panggezhuang town. According to different types of remediation, different measures for consolidation of arable land were proposed. The research on arable land consolidation based on limiting factors and health diagnosis provided some reference for the current comprehensive improvement of land space and overall protection, systematic restoration and comprehensive management of arable land resources.