超低排放燃煤电厂和燃气电厂综合对比

Comprehensive Comparison of Ultra-low Emission Coal-Fired Power Plants and Gas-Fired Power Plants

燃煤和燃气发电是中国火力发电的两大主流形式。从发电与控制污染技术、环境效应和经济效益3方面对超低排放燃煤电厂和燃气电厂进行了综合对比,对比结果表明:(1)从发电和污染控制技术看,超低排放燃煤电厂已完全自主研发生产,整体技术已跨入国际先进水平;燃气电厂仍采取进口的方式,需加快掌握燃气轮机制造的关键技术;(2)从环境效应看,超低排放燃煤电厂在气、液、固等常规污染物排放上均达到有效控制,对环境影响已较小,当燃煤发电标准煤耗不大于全国平均水平时比燃气电厂更清洁;(3)从经济效益看,超低排放燃煤电厂继续保持相对于燃气电厂较大的发电经济优势。研究结果可为客观看待两类电厂的优劣提供理论参考,并为国家制定相关政策提供依据。

Coal-fired and gas-fired power generation are the two major types of thermal power generation in China.This paper compares ULE coal-fired power plants with the gas-fired power plants from three aspects,i.e.,technologies,environmental effect and economic benefit.The comparison results show that firstly,the power generation and pollution control technologies for ULE coal-fired power plants have been developed and manufactured completely and independently with the overall technologies reaching the global advanced level,while for gas-fired power plants key technologies are still imported abroad such that the technology development including gas turbine manufacturing need to speed up.Secondly,in terms of environmental effects,ULE coal-fired power plants have achieved effective control over the gas,liquid and solid emission of conventional pollutants with very few impacts on the environment,which means they are even much more cleaner than gas-fired power plants as long as their standard coal consumption is not higher than the national average value.At last,in terms of economic benefits,ULE coal-fired power plants continue to maintain significant economic advantage over gas-fired power plants.These results can provide not only the theoretical reference for the evaluation of the pros and cons of the two types of power plants in an objective way,but also necessary basis and suggestions for the formulation of national polices.